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引用：IEEE Std 1003.1™, 2004 Edition
Standard for Information Technology —
Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX)
System Interfaces 中对setuid()的论述。。。
NAME
setuid—set user ID
SYNOPSIS
#include
int setuid(uid_t uid);
DESCRIPTION
If the process has appropriate privileges, setuid( ) shall set the real user ID,
effective user ID, and the saved set-user-ID of the calling process to uid.
If the process does not have appropriate privileges, but uid is equal to the real user
ID or the saved set-user-ID, setuid( ) shall set the effective user ID to uid; the real
user ID and saved set-user-ID shall remain unchanged.
The setuid( ) function shall not affect the supplementary group list in any way.
RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, 0 shall be returned. Otherwise, ?1 shall be returned and
errno set to indicate the error.
ERRORS
The setuid( ) function shall fail, return ?1, and set errno to the corresponding value
if one or more of the following are true:
[EINVAL] The value of the uid argument is invalid and not supported by the
implementation.
[EPERM] The process does not have appropriate privileges and uid does not match the
real user ID or the saved set-user-ID.
EXAMPLES
None.
APPLICATION USAGE
None.
RATIONALE
The various behaviors of the setuid( ) and setgid( ) functions when called by
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