From: [email]j.p.h@comcast.net[/email] (Joe Halpin)
Newsgroups: comp.unix.shell
Subject: comp.unix.shell FAQ - Answers to Frequently Asked Questions
Summary: This posting answers questions which come up with some frequency on comp.unix.shell. It should be read by anyone with a question about shell programming before posting questions to the newsgroup.
Followup-To: comp.unix.shell
Archive-name: unix-faq/shell/sh
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Version: $Id: cus-faq.html,v 1.11 2005/09/01 17:39:36 jhalpin Exp $
Maintainer: Joe Halpin
This FAQ list contains the answers to some Frequently Asked Questions often seen in comp.unix.shell. It spells "unix" in lower case letters to avoid arguments about whether or not Linux, FreeBSD, etc are unix. That's not the point of this FAQ, and I'm ignoring the issue.
This document as a whole is Copyright (c) 2003 Joe Halpin. It may be copied freely. Exceptions are noted in individual answers.
Suggestions, complaints, et al, should be sent to the maintainer at [email]j.p.h@comcast.net[/email] or posted to comp.unix.shell
There are two levels of questions about shells.
One is the use of the shell itself as an interface to the operating system. For example, "how do I run a program in the background, and go on with other things?". Or "how do I setup environmental variables when I log in?".
The other level is how to write shell scripts. This often involves having the shell execute unix utilities to perform part of the work the shell script needs to accomplish, and requires knowledge of these utilities, which isn't nominally in the scope of shell programming. However, unless the question involves something other than standard unix utilities, it should be included in this FAQ.
Standard unix utilities are defined by either POSIX or the Single Unix Specification. These are now joined and are normally abbreviated as "POSIX/SUS". This specification can be found at
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